Risk factors are those characteristics that increase an entity’s vulnerability to daily stress, whereas resilience factors protect the entity against the negative effects of daily stressors. Every nation, organisation, or person, is exposed to risk therefore need to have the ability to bounce back should it experience any crisis. About some three decades ago, most prevention efforts relied on fear. Now, the field of prevention has become much more sophisticated. We now know prevention works best when it involves all of the social and environmental factors that influence the choices of the entity. The resiliency model of prevention focuses on risk and protective factors. Risk factors are characteristics statistically associated with an increase in health risks. Protective factors are characteristics statistically associated with a decrease in the vulnerability to a health risk. Resilience is the ability of individuals to remain healthy even in the presence of risk factors. Prevention – for groups and individuals alike – is largely a matter of decreasing risks and increasing protective factors (that is, creating resilience) in the lives, families, and environments of those at risk. Individuals live in a social ecology composed of several social spheres that influence their beliefs, attitudes, and behaviour. Effective prevention programs are comprehensive. They reduce risk factors and increase protective factors in as many of these spheres as possible. Thus, effective prevention programmes are often collaborations with partners – parents, schools, law enforcement agencies, and health care practitioners – who can help implement mutually reinforcing strategies within their respective spheres of influence.

Resilience is characterized by successful adaptation in the presence of risk or adversity. Increasingly, experts are viewing resilience as the outcome of an interactive process involving risk, protection, and promotion. Thus, adaptation, which is expressed through individual behaviour, is interpreted as an interactive product involving the presence or absence of specific risk; level of risk exposure; and the strength of the specific risk, protective, and promotive factors present in a child’s life.

Using the Risk and Environmental framework, our team methodically isolates the issues case by case and offers the needed guide-solutions for the participant. Various tools and methods are used in the delivery to aid a quicker understanding of the client entity.